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Compiling C programs is an essential step in turning your code into an executable file that can be run on your computer. GNU, also known as GCC (GNU Compiler Collection), is one of the most popular and widely used compilers for C programming. It provides a powerful and efficient toolset to compile C programs, making it a preferred choice for many developers. In this guide, we will explore the process of compiling C programs using GNU (GCC) and learn about various flags and options that can be used to customize the compilation process. Whether you are a beginner looking to compile your first C program or an experienced programmer seeking to optimize your code, this guide will provide you with a comprehensive understanding of how to compile C programs using GNU (GCC).
This article is co-authored by a team of editors and trained researchers who confirm the accuracy and completeness of the article.
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This article has been viewed 16,454 times.
This wikiHow teaches you how to compile a C program from source code using GNU (full name is GNU Compiler Cplection, abbreviated GCC) – a compiler for Linux and Minimalist Gnu (MinGW) on Linux. Windows.
Steps
By GCC on Unix
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- In this case, go through the documentation for your Linux distribution to learn how to get the package right.
- If you are compiling a C++ program, use “g++” instead of “gcc.”
![Image titled Compile a C Program Using the GNU Compiler (GCC) Step 3](https://www.wikihow.com/images_en/thumb/e/e0/Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-3-Version-2.jpg/v4-728px-Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-3-Version-2.jpg)
- For example, if the source code file “main.c” is located at /usr/wikiHow/source, type cd /usr/wikiHow/source .
![Image titled Compile a C Program Using the GNU Compiler (GCC) Step 4](https://www.wikihow.com/images_en/thumb/b/bb/Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-4-Version-2.jpg/v4-728px-Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-4-Version-2.jpg)
- If you see an error message and want to see more information about the problem, use the command gcc -Wall -o errorlog file1.c . Then, continue viewing the “errorlog” file in the current directory with the command cat errorlog .
- To compile a program from multiple source files, you use the command gcc -o outputfile file1.c file2.c file3.c .
- To compile multiple programs with multiple source files at the same time, use the command gcc -c file1.c file2.c file3.c .
![Image titled Compile a C Program Using the GNU Compiler (GCC) Step 5](https://www.wikihow.com/images_en/thumb/9/94/Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-5-Version-2.jpg/v4-728px-Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-5-Version-2.jpg)
By MinGW on Windows
![Image titled Compile a C Program Using the GNU Compiler (GCC) Step 6](https://www.wikihow.com/images_en/thumb/b/b9/Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-6-Version-2.jpg/v4-728px-Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-6-Version-2.jpg)
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- If the file doesn’t open on its own, double-click the file in the download folder and then click Install.
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- MinGW recommends users to use the default installation directory ( C:MinGW ). If you have to change, you should also not use a folder with a name with spaces (for example, “Program Files”). [3] XResearch Sources
![Image titled Compile a C Program Using the GNU Compiler (GCC) Step 9](https://www.wikihow.com/images_en/thumb/3/3c/Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-9-Version-2.jpg/v4-728px-Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-9-Version-2.jpg)
- With minimal need, you can select Basic Setup in the left pane, then check next to all the compilers listed in the main right pane.
- More advanced users can choose All Packages and additional compilers.
![Image titled Compile a C Program Using the GNU Compiler (GCC) Step 10](https://www.wikihow.com/images_en/thumb/2/23/Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-10-Version-2.jpg/v4-728px-Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-10-Version-2.jpg)
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- Press ⊞ Win + S to launch the search bar, then type environment .
- Click Edit the system environment variables in the search results that appear.
- Click Environment Variables
- Click Edit below the top pane (below the “User Variables” line).
- Scroll to the bottom of the “Variable Value” box.
- Enter ;C:MinGWbin after the last word in the box. Note: if you have installed MinGW in another directory, enter the command ;C:path-to-that-directorybin , remember to replace “path-to-that-directory” with the path to the actual directory.
- Click OK twice. Click the remaining OK button to close the window.
![Image titled Compile a C Program Using the GNU Compiler (GCC) Step 14](https://www.wikihow.com/images_en/thumb/3/34/Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-14-Version-2.jpg/v4-728px-Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-14-Version-2.jpg)
- Press ⊞ Win + S and type cmd .
- Right-click Command Prompt in the search results and select Run As Administrator .
- Click Yes to allow the changes.
![Image titled Compile a C Program Using the GNU Compiler (GCC) Step 15](https://www.wikihow.com/images_en/thumb/e/ee/Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-15-Version-2.jpg/v4-728px-Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-15-Version-2.jpg)
- For example, if the source file is called helloworld.c and is located at C:SourcePrograms, type cd C:SourcePrograms .
![Image titled Compile a C Program Using the GNU Compiler (GCC) Step 16](https://www.wikihow.com/images_en/thumb/a/ae/Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-16-Version-2.jpg/v4-728px-Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-16-Version-2.jpg)
- Any programming errors that appear should be fixed before compiling the program.
![Image titled Compile a C Program Using the GNU Compiler (GCC) Step 17](https://www.wikihow.com/images_en/thumb/7/7b/Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-17.jpg/v4-728px-Compile-a-C-Program-Using-the-GNU-Compiler-%28GCC%29-Step-17.jpg)
Advice
- Building code with the (flag) -g flag will generate debug information that the respective GDB debugger can use for better performance.
- Makefiles can be created to make compiling large programs easier.
- If you apply a lot of optimization, be cautious because optimizing for speed can be a trade-off with size, sometimes program accuracy, and vice versa.
- When compiling a C++ program, you can use G++ in the same way as you would with GCC. Note: C++ files will have the extension .cpp instead of .c.
Things you need
- Computer running Linux or Windows operating system
- Basic knowledge of GNU/Linux and how to install applications.
- Program code
- Text editor (e.g. Emacs, vi)
This article is co-authored by a team of editors and trained researchers who confirm the accuracy and completeness of the article.
The wikiHow Content Management team carefully monitors the work of editors to ensure that every article is up to a high standard of quality.
This article has been viewed 16,454 times.
This wikiHow teaches you how to compile a C program from source code using GNU (full name is GNU Compiler Cplection, abbreviated GCC) – a compiler for Linux and Minimalist Gnu (MinGW) on Linux. Windows.
In conclusion, compiling C programs with the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) is a straightforward process that can be easily accomplished by following a few steps. This powerful toolchain provides all the necessary components to translate C source code into executable binaries for various platforms. By understanding the basic usage of GCC and its command-line options, developers can effectively utilize features such as optimization, error checking, and linking libraries. Additionally, the use of Makefiles and IDE integrations can streamline the compilation process and facilitate the management of complex C projects. With its wide availability, extensive documentation, and continuous development, GCC remains a popular choice for compiling C programs, providing programmers with a reliable and efficient tool to convert their code into executable applications.
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